Prognosis

• cancer ^a
• chronic lung disease ^a
• left heart failure ^a
• immobility ^a
• surgery within the last 3 months ^a
• a history of thrombophlebitis ^a

Why?

Cancer, heart failure and chronic lung disease increase the risk of dying following a PE

Patient	Prognostic Factor	Outcome	CER	RR (95% CI)	NNF+ (95% CI)
pulmonary embolism a	cancer independent	death at 12 months	18%	4.4 (2.1 to 9.5)	2 (1 to 5)
	left heart failure independent		18%	2.6 (1.2 to 5.7)	3 (1 to 27)
	chronic lung disease independent		19%	3.2 (1.3 to 7.4)	2 (1 to 17)
pulmonary embolism a	immobilisation not independent	death at 12 months	15%	1.76 (1.43 to 2.15)	9 (6 to 16)
	surgery within 3 months not independent		15%	1.69 (1.38 to 2.07)	10 (6 to 18)
	history of thrombophlebitis not independent		15%	1.34 (1.03 to 1.81)	20 (8 to 220)