Prevalence
Causes
Clinical
features
Differential
Diagnosis
Investigations
Therapy
Prevention
Prognosis
|  |  | | Clinical
features |
Ask about
- age
a
- duration of illness
c
- any recent diarrhoea
c
- pleuritic chest pain
b
- chills
b
- a history of
- asthma a
- dementia a
- any immunosuppression a
- any underlying lung disease
c
- co-existing disease
a
- neoplastic disease
- liver disease
- congestive heart failure
- cerebrovascular disease
- renal disease
- smoking
a
- any pets d
Look for
- altered mental state
a
- obesity
a
- bloody sputum
c
- a cough
a
- fever
a
- respiratory rate > 30 per minute
a
- tachycardia
a
- asymmetric respiration
a
- dullness to percussion
a
- decreased breath sounds
a
- bronchial breathing
a
- crackles
a
- aegophony
a
Rank your patient for risk of a pulmonary infiltrate on chest X-ray. Score
one point for
a
- absence of asthma
- temperature > 37.8°C
- pulse >100 beats/min
- crackles
- decreased breath sounds
A high score makes pneumonia more likely
| score |
risk of pneumonia |
| 4 or 5 |
high |
| 2 or 3 |
moderate |
| 0 or 1 |
low |
|