Causes
Clinical
features
Investigations
Therapy
Prognosis
|  |  | | Prognosis |
The commonest primaries are lung and breast, but no primary can be found in 10% of effusions. c
Note:
Common cancers cause malignant pleural effusions
men
c
|
%
(95% CI)
|
women
|
%
(95% CI)
|
|
lung
|
49%
(43% to 55%)
|
breast
|
37%
(31% to 44%)
|
|
lymphoma/
leukaemia
|
21%
(16% to 26%)
|
female genital tract
|
20%
(15% to 26%)
|
|
GI tract
|
7.0%
(4.1% to 10%)
|
lung
|
15%
(9.9% to 20%)
|
|
GU tract
|
6.0%
(3.2% to 8.7%)
|
lymphoma/
leukaemia
|
80%
(4.1% to 12%)
|
|
melanoma
|
1.4%
(0.0% to 2.8%)
|
GI tract
|
4.3%
(1.4% to 7.2%)
|
|
mesothelioma
|
1.1%
(0.0% to 2.2%)
|
melanoma
|
3.2%
(0.7% to 5.7%)
|
|
other tumours
|
3.5%
(1.4% to 5.6%)
|
urinary tract
|
1.1%
(0.0% to 2.5%)
|
|
primary site unknown
|
11%
(7.3% to 15%)
|
other tumours
|
1.6%
(0.0% to 3.4%)
|
|
.
|
.
|
primary site unknown
|
9.1%
(5.0% to 13%)
|
|