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Pleural effusion

Causes
Clinical features
Investigations
Therapy
Prognosis
Investigations
  • microscopy and culture of fluid c
Note:
  • 64% of infections are due to aerobic organisms, 23% mixed, 13% anaerobic c

Expiry date: July 2003
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

Author   CM   Ball
Reviewer   D   Geddes
CAT Writers   D   Stanley , CM   Ball