Prevention

Advise patients to stop smoking ^c

Why?

• Smoking increases the risk of surgery ^c

Smoking increases the risk of further surgery

Patient	Prognostic Factor	Outcome	CER	OR (95% CI)	NNF+ (95% CI)
Crohn's disease following surgery c	smoking not independent	further surgery at 11 years	48%	1.7 (1.03 to 2.79)	7 (3 to 140)