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Hypercalcaemia

Prevalence
Causes
Clinical features
Investigations
Therapy
Prevention
Prognosis
Prognosis

The risk of dying is increased with a
  • a WHO performance status grade 3 or 4
  • visceral metastases
  • bony metastases
  • a late treatment stage
Why?

A poor functional status and metastases increase the risk of dying

Patient Prognostic Factor Outcome CER OR
(95% CI)
NNF+
(95% CI)
breast cancer and first episode of hypercalcaemia a WHO performance status grade 3 or 4
independent
death
at 7.5 years
85% 4.12
(2.88 to 5.88)
9
(8 to 11)
  visceral metastases
independent
    4.06
(2.10 to 7.85)
9
(8 to 14)
  bony metastases
independent
    2.42
(1.24 to 4.73)
12
(9 to 39)
  late treatment stage
independent
    1.67
(1.23 to 2.27)
18
(13 to 41)

Expiry date: September 2004
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

Author   CM   Ball
Reviewer   S B   Ramirez
CAT Writers   CM   Ball , CJ   Wotton