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Congestive heart failure

Prevalence
Causes
Clinical features
Differential diagnosis
Investigations
Therapy
Prevention
Prognosis
Therapy

Resistant cases
  • Give erythropoeitin and iron to patients with anaemia. a

Why?

  • Patients with severe refractory congestive heart failure and anaemia who receive erythropoietin and iron compared with no treatment require less iv frusemide (roughly 60 mg less a week), have higher ejection fractions (on average 13% higher) and spend less time in hospital (on average by 13 days) after 6 months. a

 

Expiry date: June 2003
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

Author   CM   Ball
Reviewer   B   Lee
CAT Writers   CM   Ball , CJ   Wotton , A   Yates