Evidence-based On-call

internal medicine

Congestive heart failure

Prevalence
Causes
Clinical features
Differential diagnosis
Investigations
Therapy
Prevention
Prognosis

Differential diagnosis

Dyspnoea

Think about other causes of breathlessness

Common causes include ^b
- asthma
- COPD
- arrhythmia
- infection
- anaemia
- interstitial lung disease

Pulmonary oedema on chest X-ray

Think about other causes of pulmonary oedema ^b

Expiry date: June 2003
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

Author	CM Ball
Reviewer	B Lee
CAT Writers	CM Ball , CJ Wotton , A Yates