Clinical features

• a decrescendo early diastolic murmur ^a
• a Flint murmur (low-pitched late diastolic apical murmur) ^c
• listen for any increase on transient arterial occlusion ^c

A typical early diastolic murmur or a Flint murmur makes aortic regurgitation more likely

Patient	Target Disorder and Reference Standard	Diagnostic Test	LR+ (95% CI)	Post-test Probability	LR- (95% CI)	Post-test Probability
suspected aortic regurgitation a (pre-test probability: 13%)	any aortic regurgitation (echocardiogram)	typical early diastolic murmur	32 (16 to 63)	83%	0.2 (0.1 to 0.3)	3%
	moderate or severe AR (echocardiogram)	typical early diastolic murmur	8.3 (6.2 to 11)	55%	0.1 (0.0 to 0.2)	1%
		Flint murmur (low-pitched late diastolic apical murmur)	25 (2.8 to 240)	79%	0.5 (0.2 to 0.7)	7%
		popliteal brachial gradient > 20 mmHg	8.2 (1.5 to 78)	55%	0.2 (0.1 to 0.5)	3%
		transient arterial occlusion increases the murmur intensity	8.4 (1.3 to 81)	56%	0.3 (0.1 to 0.8)	4%