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Chest pain

Causes
Clinical features
Investigations
Therapy
Prognosis
Prognosis

The risk of dying is increased with heart failure a b

Why?

Heart failure increases the risk of dying

Patient Prognostic Factor Outcome CER RR
(95% CI)		 NNF+
(95% CI)
symptoms suggestive of MI a history of congestive heart failure
independent 		death
at 5 years 		26% 1.59
(1.36 to 1.84)		 7
(5 to 11)
  acute severe heart failure on presentation
independent 		death
at 5 years 		26% 1.63
(1.35 to 2.06)		 6
(4 to 11)
 

 

Expiry date: June 2003
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

Author   CM   Ball
Reviewer   S   Straus
CAT Writers   CJ   Wotton , CM   Ball , N   Shenker , RS   Phillips