Therapy

Why?

• Prophylaxis with penicillins or cephalosporins reduces infection ^a and need for repeat surgery ^a

Antibiotic prophylaxis reduces infection following permanent pacemaker insertion

Patient	Treatment	Comparison	Outcome	CER	OR (95% CI)	NNT (95% CI)
permanent pacemaker insertion a	antibiotic prophylaxis	placebo	pacemaker or systemic infection	3.7%	0.26 (0.10 to 0.66)	37 (30 to 81)

Antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the need for further surgery

Patient	Treatment	Comparison	Outcome	CER	RRR (95% CI)	NNT (95% CI)
permanent pacemaker insertion a	antibiotic prophylaxis	placebo	surgery required for infection	3.6%	100%	28 (17 to 77)