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Atrial fibrillation

Prevalence
Causes
Clinical features
Investigations
Therapy
Prevention
Prognosis
Clinical features

Measure the rate using the apical pulse d  

Look for evidence of

  • ischaemic heart disease a  
  • congestive heart failure a  
  • valvular heart disease a  
  • cardiomyopathy a  
  • other arrhythmias a  
  • hypertension a  
  • obesity a  
  • thyrotoxicosis a

Expiry date: February 2003
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

Authors   CM   Ball , N   Shenker
Reviewer   R G   Hart
CAT Writers   CM   Ball , N   Shenker , CJ   Wotton