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Warfarin

Starting treatment
Indications
Dosing and monitoring
Complications
Follow-up
Follow-up

Monitor patients with the following conditions more carefully - they are at increased risk of having a supratherapeutic INR b  
  • on > 2.5 g of paracetamol a week 
  • recently started warfarin-potentiating medication 
  • taking more warfarin than prescribed 
  • advanced cancer 
  • decreased oral intake in the last week 
  • acute diarrhoeal illness in the last week 

Why?

Cancer and paracetamol use increase the risk of an INR > 6.0

Outcome b Risk Factor PEER OR
(95% CI)
NNH
(95% CI)
INR > 6.0  advanced malignancy
independent
6% 16.4
(2.4 to 111)
2
(1 to 15)
  newly-started potentiating medication
independent
4% 8.5
(2.9 to 24.7)
4
(2 to 11)
  warfarin dose > prescribed
independent
3% 8.1
(2.2 to 30)
4
(2 to 17)
  decreased oral intake
independent
6% 3.6
(1.3 to 9.7)
8
(3 to 64)
  acute diarrhoeal illness
independent
8% 3.5
(1.4 to 8.6)
9
(4 to 48)
  paracetamol dose > 9.1 g per week
independent
3% 10.0
(2.6 to 37.9)
3
(2 to 13)
  paracetamol dose 4.6 to 9.0 g per week
independent
5% 6.9
(2.2 to 21.9)
4
(2 to 17)
  paracetamol dose 2.2 to 4.5 g per week
independent
5% 3.5
(1.2 to 10.0)
9
(3 to 96)
 

Expiry date: May 2003
Levels of Evidence used in grading these guides

With thanks to Drs. David Keeling, John Reynolds, David Sackett, Sharon Straus and Alan Townsend 
for use of their anticoagulation guide on which this one is based.

Author   CM   Ball
Reviewer   A   Gallus
CAT Writer   CM   Ball