Prevention

Encourage patients to stop smoking ^a and ask nurses ^a and other staff ^a to provide further advice. 

Why?

• Patients who keep smoking following angioplasty are at increased risk of dying or a myocardial infarction. ^a

Continued smoking after angioplasty increases the risk of dying or myocardial infarction

Patient	Prognostic Factor	Outcome	CER	RR (95% CI)	NNF+ (95% CI)
angioplasty  a	smoker independent	death at 4.5 years	15%	1.76 (1.37 to 2.26)	9 (5 to 18)
		Q-wave myocardial infarction at 4.5 years	1.2%	2.08 (1.16 to 3.72)	74 (30 to 500)

• Patients who receive advice from doctors are more likely to stop ^a and from nurses are more likely to stay off cigarettes. ^a
• A nurse-run smoking cessation program is cost-effective. ^a

Advice from doctors and nurses helps smokers stop cigarettes long-term

Patient	Treatment	Comparison	Outcome	CER	OR (95% CI)	NNT (95% CI)
smoker a	brief advice from physicians	no advice	sustained smoking cessation at 6 months	4.1%	1.69 (1.45 to 1.98)	38 (27 to 57)
adult smoker a	nursing advice	no advice	sustained smoking cessation at ?months	13%	1.43 (1.24 to 1.66)	22 (15 to 39)