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Browse CATs  internal medicine  endocrine and metabolic disorders  hyponatraemia

Diagnosis Harm/ aetiology Prognosis Therapy

Acute renal failure urinary indices were useful in distinguishing prerenal from intrinsic renal failure. Level of evidence 4 Expiry Date July 2004 Acute renal failure fractional excretion of sodium was useful in the diagnosis of prerenal azotaemia in selected patients. Level of evidence 4 Expiry Date July 2004 Acute renal failure urine tests may help differentiate renal failure causes. Level of evidence 4 Expiry Date July 2003 Hypovolaemia small changes in vital signs did not exclude large blood loss. Level of evidence 2a Expiry Date October 2003 Hypovolaemia absence of postural change in vital signs did not exclude moderate blood loss. Level of evidence 2a Expiry Date October 2003 Hypovolaemia non-blood loss: sunken eyes, dry axillae and mucous membranes made it more likely. Level of evidence 2a Expiry Date October 2003