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Diagnosis Harm/ aetiology Prognosis Therapy

Breast cancer and bone metastases diphosphonate reduced pain and hypercalcaemia Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date October 2003 Hypercalcaemia and cancer pamidronate every 2 weeks was better than every 3 weeks Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date June 2003 Cancer pamidronate decreased skeletal complications in multiple myeloma. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date January 2003 Hypercalcaemia pamidronate decreased serum calcium in a dose response manner. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date June 2003 Hypercalcaemia pamidronate and clodronate achieved normocalcaemia. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date June 2003 Hypercalcaemia ethinyl estradiol and norethindrone may decrease plasma calcium. Level of evidence 2b- Expiry Date June 2003 Hypercalcaemia furosemide decreased serum calcium. Level of evidence 2b Expiry Date June 2003 Hypercalcaemia APD, mithramycin and corticosteroids/calcitonin decreased serum calcium. Level of evidence 1b- Expiry Date June 2003 Hypercalcaemia prednisolone decreased hypercalcaemia. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date January 2003 Hypercalcaemia saline alone and in combination with prednisolone decreased serum calcium. Level of evidence 2b Expiry Date June 2003 Hypercalcaemia cancer: gallium nitrate was better than calcitonin. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date October 2003 Hypercalcaemia regular pamidronate reduced skeletal complications in metastatic breast cancer Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date March 2003 Hypercalcaemia Pamidronate achieved normocalcaemia better than mithramycin. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date January 2004 Hypercalcaemia and cancer pamidronate was more effective than placebo at achieving normocalcaemia. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date October 2003 Hypercalcemia and cancer Gallium was more effective than calcitonin Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date January 2003 Hypercalcaemia gallium nitrate was more effective than etidronate. Level of evidence 1b Expiry Date January 2003